Bhartrihari Caves

The Bhartrihari Caves are tied to one of Ujjain's most poignant stories: that of a king who gave up everything for the life of the spirit. Bhartrihari is traditionally identified with the author of the Shatakatraya, three collections of verses on love, worldly wisdom and renunciation that are still read and quoted today.

For visitors, the caves offer a rare, quieter side of Ujjain, away from the bustle of the great temples. They are also associated with the Natha tradition of yogis, and remain a place of meditation for ascetics.

According to legend, Bhartrihari, a king of Ujjain and a brother of Vikramaditya, was given a fruit that granted immortality. He gave it to his beloved queen, who passed it to another, and so it travelled in a circle of hidden affections until it returned to the king. Shaken by this discovery of the impermanence of human love, he renounced his throne and became an ascetic.

Tradition holds that he lived and meditated in these caves, and that some of his famous verses may have been written here. The caves have been altered and extended over time, and the small shrines inside are tended by members of the Natha sect.

The caves lie close to the Gadkalika temple, on a quiet stretch above the Shipra. Inside, low passages and small chambers lead to shrines, including one associated with Bhartrihari's meditation. Some passages are narrow and dimly lit, and you may need to stoop.

The visit is short but atmospheric. It pairs naturally with Gadkalika, which is nearby, and with Kal Bhairav and Siddhavat on the same side of the city.

• ✓Some passages are low and narrow; visitors with mobility issues or claustrophobia may prefer to view only the entrance area.
• ✓Carry a small torch or use your phone light where it is dim, but keep phones silent.
• ✓Remove footwear where requested and dress modestly; this is an active place of worship.
• ✓Combine your visit with Gadkalika Temple, which is close by.
• ✓Respect ascetics and do not photograph them without permission.

The caves are on the northern side of Ujjain near the Gadkalika temple. Take an auto-rickshaw, e-rickshaw or cab from Ujjain Junction or the Mahakal area.

Coming from outside the city? See our guide on how to reach Ujjain by rail, air and road, and the local transport guide for getting around once you arrive.

Key details about Bhartrihari Caves. Arrangements can change on festival days, so check locally or ask our team when you plan your visit.

Bhartrihari Caves tradition

By tradition, the poet-king Bhartrihari meditated here after renouncing his throne; the caves lie near the Gadkalika temple on the Shipra.